Hertz

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Hertz [həːts] is a high-usability, high-performance and high-extensibility Golang HTTP framework that helps developers build microservices. It was designed with reference to other open-source frameworks like fasthttp, gin, echo and combined with the internal requirements in ByteDance. At present, it has been widely used inside ByteDance. Nowadays, more and more microservices use Golang. If you have requirements for microservice performance and hope that the framework can fully meet the internal customizable requirements, Hertz will be a good choice.

Basic Features

• High usability

  During the development process, it is often more important to write the correct code quickly. Therefore, in the iterative process of Hertz, we actively listen to users' opinions and continue to polish the framework, hoping to provide users with a better user experience and help users write correct code faster.

• High performance

  Hertz uses the self-developed high-performance network library Netpoll by default. In some special scenarios, compared to Go Net, Hertz has certain advantages in QPS and time delay. For performance data, please refer to the Echo data in the figure below.

  Comparison of four frameworks: Comparison of three frameworks: For detailed performance data, please refer to hertz-benchmark.

• High extensibility

  Hertz adopts a layered design, providing more interfaces and default extension implementations. Users can also extend by themselves. At the same time, thanks to the layered design of the framework, the extensibility of the framework will be much greater. At present, only stable capabilities are open-sourced to the community. More planning refers to RoadMap.

• Multi-protocol support

  The Hertz framework provides HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, HTTP/3, ALPN protocol support natively. In addition, due to the layered design, Hertz even supports custom build protocol resolution logic to meet any needs of protocol layer extensions.

• Network layer switching capability

  Hertz implements the function to switch between Netpoll and Go Net on demand. Users can choose the appropriate network library for different scenarios. And Hertz also supports the extension of network library in the form of plug-ins.

Documentation

Getting Started

Example

The Hertz-Examples repository provides code out of the box. more

Basic Features

Contains introduction and use of general middleware, context selection, data binding, data rendering, direct access, logging, error handling. more

Observability

Contains instrumentation, logging, tracing, monitoring, OpenTelemetry integration. more

Service Governance

Contains service registration and discovery extensions, Sentinel integration. more

Framework Extension

Contains network library extensions. more

Reference

Apidoc, framework configurable items list. more

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions. more

Performance

Performance testing can only provide a relative reference. In production, there are many factors that can affect actual performance. We provide the hertz-benchmark project to track and compare the performance of Hertz and other frameworks in different situations for reference.

Related Projects

• Netpoll: A high-performance network library. Hertz integrated by default.
• Hertz-contrib: A partial extension library of Hertz, which users can integrate into Hertz through options according to their needs.
• Example: Use examples of Hertz.

Extensions

Extensions	Description
Autotls	Make Hertz support Let's Encrypt.
Http2	HTTP2 support for Hertz.
Websocket	Enable Hertz to support the Websocket protocol.
Etag	Support ETag (or entity tag) HTTP response header for Hertz.
Limiter	Provides a current limiter based on the bbr algorithm.
Monitor-prometheus	Provides service monitoring based on Prometheus.
Obs-opentelemetry	Hertz's Opentelemetry extension that supports Metric, Logger, Tracing and works out of the box.
Opensergo	The Opensergo extension.
Pprof	Extension for Hertz integration with Pprof.
Registry	Provides service registry and discovery functions. So far, the supported service discovery extensions are nacos, consul, etcd, eureka, polaris, servicecomb, zookeeper, redis.
Sentry	Sentry extension provides some unified interfaces to help users perform real-time error monitoring.
Tracer	Link tracing based on Opentracing.
Basicauth	Basicauth middleware can provide HTTP basic authentication.
Jwt	Jwt extension.
Keyauth	Provides token-based authentication.
Requestid	Add request id in response.
Sessions	Session middleware with multi-state store support.
Casbin	Supports various access control models by Casbin.
Cors	Provides cross-domain resource sharing support.
Csrf	Csrf middleware is used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.
Secure	Secure middleware with multiple configuration items.
Gzip	A Gzip extension with multiple options.
I18n	Helps translate Hertz programs into multi programming languages.
Lark	Use hertz handle Lark/Feishu card message and event callback.
Loadbalance	Provides load balancing algorithms for Hertz.
Logger	Logger extension for Hertz, which provides support for zap, logrus, zerologs logging frameworks.
Recovery	Recovery middleware for Hertz.
Reverseproxy	Implement a reverse proxy.
Swagger	Automatically generate RESTful API documentation with Swagger 2.0.
Cache	Hertz middleware for cache HTTP response with multi-backend support

Blogs

• ByteDance Practice on Go Network Library
• Ultra-large-scale Enterprise-level Microservice HTTP Framework — Hertz is Officially Open Source!
• ByteDance Open Source Go HTTP Framework Hertz Design Practice
• Help ByteDance Reduce Costs and Increase Efficiency, the Design Practice for Large-scale Enterprise-level HTTP Framework Hertz
• A Practical Introduction to the HTTP Framework Hertz: A Guide to Performance Testing

Contributing

Contributing

RoadMap

Hertz RoadMap

License

Hertz is distributed under the Apache License, version 2.0. The licenses of third party dependencies of Hertz are explained here.

Community

• Email: conduct@cloudwego.io
• How to become a member: COMMUNITY MEMBERSHIP
• Issues: Issues
• Slack: Join our CloudWeGo community Slack Channel.
• Lark: Scan the QR code below with Lark to join our CloudWeGo/hertz user group.

Contributors

Thank you for your contribution to Hertz!

Landscapes

  

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